Bus dwelling time at stops is affected by the number of boarding and alighting passengers.Due to the uncertainty of traffic state, dwelling time will become unstable, resulting in unreliable bus operations.A short-turn strategy shares passenger demand in certain segments of the full-length vehicles; therefore, this strategy can reduce the dwell tim
With the increasing adoption of electric buses (e-buses), e-bus scheduling problem has become an essential part of transit operation planning.As e-buses Garden Flag have a limited battery capacity, e-bus scheduling problem aims to assign vehicles to timetabled service trips on the bus routes considering their charging demand.Affected by the dynamic
BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has reported significant alarming aftereffects experienced by some individuals following acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection, commonly referred to as long COVID.Long COVID is a set of symptoms that spur straps remain for weeks or months, after the initial phase of COVID-19 infection is ended.ObjectiveThis study pr
In recent years, considerable progress has been made in the monitoring and control of Lepidoptera, by pheromones also used in mass-trapping, attracticide (lure and kill), mating-disruption, auto-confusion methods.In context of IPM "insectistasis" can be readily achieved by continual supervision of spur straps environments by traps in combination wi
Environmental conditioning is a major research application area in the concept of control theory.The parameter of interest is mostly measured and evaluated against a reference in determining the initialisation threshold for the designed systems.This paper has implemented a system for controlling the heat parameters of a dwelled environment based on